Association between body mass index and insulin receptor substrate-4 (IRS-4) gene polymorphisms in patients with schizophrenia.

OBJECTIVES: The insulin receptor substrate-4 (IRS-4) protein is highly expressed in the hypothalamus that plays a main role in the regulation of body weight. Therefore, as overweight and obesity are more frequent in patients with schizophrenia compared to the general population, this study was undertaken to investigate potential associations between body mass index (BMI) or height and polymorphisms in the IRS-4 gene in schizophrenia patients and healthy controls.

METHODS: The IRS-4 gene of 93 patients and 59 controls was screened for DNA sequence variations, and then 10 detected single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were investigated in relation to BMI and height of patients and controls.

RESULTS: Mean BMI was higher in patients than in controls, whereas there was no difference regarding height. Significant associations were found between patients' BMI and genotypes of six SNPs (rs1801164, rs80131334, rs41307415, rs73253702, rs1801162, rs2073114) or a haplotype including these six SNPs. In contrast, no associations were found between BMI or height of controls, or height of patients, and the genotypes or haplotypes.

CONCLUSION: This study clearly demonstrates associations between BMI and IRS-4 variants in schizophrenia patients, but not in healthy controls, pointing to a possible involvement of IRS-4 in the control of body weight in schizophrenia.