A new neuroimmunotherapeutic strategy of subcutaneous low-dose interleukin-2 plus the long-acting opioid antagonist naltrexone in metastatic cancer patients progressing on interleukin-2 alone.
OBJECTIVES: Recent advances in knowledge of Psychoneuroimmunology have shown that several neuroactive substances, including neurohormones and neuropeptides, may exert immunomodulatory effects. However, despite the great variety of potential neuroimmune interactions, at present we may recognize two major neuroendocrine systems exerting a.....