The quality of the nutrition in smokers.
OBJECTIVES: Approximately 30% of the adult Czech population smokes. Previous studies of smokers have documented diet sufficient in energy, but inadequate intake of dietary fibre, vitamins A, E, calcium and proteins.
DESIGN: Nutrition was assessed between the groups of the probands (over 18 years aged, 667 smokers, 1044 nonsmokers, 428 past smokers) from 1% random sample of the Czech population. All volunteers completed a one day dietary recall after instruction from a nutrition expert. The dietary recall calculated energy, proteins, fats, vitamins C and E, cholesterol, fibre, calcium and iron intake using the Nutridan programme.
RESULTS: Smokers had higher consumption of animal (p=0.0034), and total fat (p=0.0315), cholesterol (p=0.005), and lower intake of vitamin E (p=0.004) than nonsmokers. No other differences were found. The differences between past smokers and other groups were insignificant.
CONCLUSION: The smokers consumed more total and animal fat, cholesterol and less of vitamin E than nonsmokers....
Citation
Adámkova V, Hubacek J, Hubalkova M, Lanska V. The quality of the nutrition in smokers. Neuro Endocrinol Lett. 2012 Jan; 33(Suppl 2): 3-5