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Case Reports 2011; 32(4): 425-427 PubMed PMID: 21876498 Citation  Keywords:  Adenocarcinoma:immunology, Breast Neoplasms:immunology, Carcinoma, Ductal:immunology, Carcinoma, Squamous Cell:immunology, Female, Humans, Immunocompromised Host, Immunosuppressive Agents:adverse effects, Lupus Erythematosus, Discoid:complications, Middle.   

: A case of metachronous presentation of two malignancies, invasive mammary ductal adenocarcinoma and later invasive keratinizing squamous cell vulvar carcinoma, complicating a 20 years long course of disseminated discoid lupus erythematosus is described. The authors underline a potential role of long-standing immunotherapy as a factor responsible for inducing secondary neoplasia....

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Journal Article 2008; 29(6): 852-856 PubMed PMID: 19112398 Citation  Keywords:  Contraception:methods, Endometrial Hyperplasia:etiology, Female, Genital Diseases, Female:etiology, Genital Neoplasms, Female:immunology, Humans, Immunosuppression, Immunosuppressive Agents:adverse effects, Menstruation Disturbances:chemically induced, Or.   

: Organ transplantation has become universally accepted treatment of end-stage organ failure. The main problem focuses on preventing the graft from rejection with the use of immunosuppressive agents. High incidence of infection is the most frequent adverse effect of immunosuppressive therapy. Symptoms of inflammation are often reduced in immunosuppressed patients. All invasive diagnostic and therapeutic procedures should be associated with the increase in dose of steroids and prophylactic antibiotics. Ovarian and menstrual function is usually restored in transplanted women. Function of the hypothalamus-pituitary-ovary axis in transplanted women is believed to be normal. Most common abnormal uterine bleeding in graft recipient are: prolonged and profuse menstruation and inter-menstrual bleeding or spotting. Among the underlying diseases are lesions of the uterus (fibroids, endometrial or cervical polyps), infections of sex organs or hormonal disturbances. Higher rate of endometrial hyperplasia (without atypia) is reported in renal graft recipients. Organ transplantation results in the restored fertility thus effective family planning method is necessary in women of reproductive age who do not want to conceive. Vaginal diaphragms are not advised and intrauterine device are contradicted. Observational studies indicate for safety and high rate of acceptance of oral and transdermal hormonal contraception in transplanted women. Over ten-year experiences of HRT administration in graft recipient have proved the benefits of the therapy. Patients after organ transplantation have three to four-fold increased incidence of malignancy compared with general population. All transplant women must undergo regular gynecological screening for premalignant and malignant lesions of sex organs and breast....

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