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Controlled Clinical Trial 2014; 35(3): 230-235 PubMed PMID: 24977974 Citation  Keywords:  Accelerometry, Adult, Biosensing Techniques, Circadian Rhythm:drug effects, Contraceptives, Oral, Hormonal:administration & dosage, Female, Humans, Monitoring, Ambulatory:methods, Postural Balance:drug effects, Posture:physiology, Young Adult,.   

OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to investigate diurnal changes of the postural control in young women without and with hormonal contraceptive treatment.

METHODS: The postural activity was assessed during stance from two accelerometers positioned at the level of the lumbar (L5) and thoracic (Th4) vertebra in twenty healthy young women non-using (13) and using (7) hormonal contraception.

RESULTS: We observed a significant increase of trunk tilts in the morning in the group of women with hormonal contraception compared to control. Women with hormonal contraception showed the significant decrease of trunk tilts and their velocity in the evening in relation to increased morning data at the L5 in anterior-posterior direction during stance on foam. Measurements at Th4 showed higher variability of lateral trunk tilts in conditions with altered somatosensory inputs. Distinct reduction of velocity of lateral trunk tilts in the evening related to morning measurements were present in the control group at the L5 in conditions with altered somatosensory inputs and at the Th4 in all experimental conditions in both groups.

CONCLUSION: We demonstrated diurnal changes of the postural control in young women. Women using hormonal contraceptives showed a weakened postural stability compared with the control group in the morning and the normalization of postural stability in the evening to the values of the control group. These findings suggest that the time of day and the use of hormonal contraception affect postural stability of women....

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Case Reports 2014; 35(2): 98-103 PubMed PMID: 24878982 Citation  Keywords:  Abdominoplasty:methods, Adenocarcinoma:complications, Female, Gynecologic Surgical Procedures:methods, Humans, Leiomyoma:complications, Middle Aged, Obesity, Morbid:complications, Uterine Neoplasms:complications,.   

: Panniculectomy is a surgical procedure that involves removal of the skin and fat excess which facilitates access to the peritoneal cavity. In the paper we present three cases of morbidly obese women (BMI: 46.3-59.5) who were treated in the Department of Gynecology and Oncological Gynecology in Lodz. One of the patients underwent an operation due to the presence of a large cervical myoma. Two another women were treated for endometrial cancer. During all of the three procedures panniculectomy was the first stage of the operation....

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Clinical Trial 2014; 35(2): 123-128 PubMed PMID: 24878976 Citation  Keywords:  Aged, Electromyography, Fatty Acids, Monounsaturated:adverse effects, Female, Fluorobenzenes:adverse effects, Humans, Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors:adverse effects, Incidence, Indoles:adverse effects, Male, Middle Aged, Muscular Diseases:.   

OBJECTIVES: The goal of this clinical trial was to determine the incidence of undesirable side effects, and to ascertain any occurrence of genetic polymorphisms.

MATERIAL AND METHODS: Clinically, we looked for manifestations of a benign myositis and of serious rhabdomyolysis. We observed a group 198 patients treated with statins, primarially fluvastatin and rosuvastatin. There were 126 (mean age = 58.3 ± 4.1; male 91, mean age = 57.4 ± 5.9; female 35, mean age = 60.5 ± 6.5) patients in a subgroup where we administered rosuvastatin. Undesirable muscular signs and symptoms were present in 32 patients (25.39%). In 11 (8.73% of the total 126) CK level increased maximally to 4 times ULN, in 6 (4.7%) statins were excluded because of very intense subjective suffering. CK levels 2-5 times ULN were present in 9 (7.14%). CK blood levels over 10 times ULN or higher indicated statins exclusion in 2 (1.58%). Increased levels of the further muscular enzyme AST by 5 times ULN were present in 16 (12.69%), up to 10 times ULN in 2 (1.58%), and over 10 times ULN also in 2 (1.58%).

RESULTS: We observed rhabdomyolysis in 6 patients (3.03% of the total 198 patients group) using other types of statins (three of them undergo chronic hemodialysis). In this group we performed molecular-genetic analysis of the following proteins relating to statin myopathy: SLCO1B1(388AA/AG-521TT) - (discovered polymorphism in 1 patient), further cytochroms Cyp 2C9 (in 1 patient), 2C8 (in 1 patient), Cyp SA/4 (non discovered positivity) and finally UGT1A1*2B (discovered in 2 patients).

CONCLUSIONS: In the group of patients treated by rosuvastatin, we discovered not one case of rhabdomyolysis. In each patient with rhabdomyolysis (brown urine discoloration, mal-odorous urine, painful muscle cramps, muscle weakness, fatigue) at least one polymorphism of "statins´ genes" was present....

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Journal Article 2013; 34(8): 792-797 PubMed PMID: 24522021 Citation  Keywords:  Adult, Epigenesis, Genetic:genetics, Genetic Predisposition to Disease:epidemiology, Genotype, Humans, Male, Methylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase (NADPH2):genetics, Middle Aged, Polymorphism, Genetic, Receptors, Adrenergic, alpha-2:genetics, Risk Factors, .   

OBJECTIVES: Increasing evidences support the importance of epigenetic control in schizophrenia pathogenesis. One of the enzymes involved in DNA methylation process through homocysteine metabolism is methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR). The most extensively studied variant in the MTHFR gene is the C677T polymorphism, resulting in reduced enzyme activity and elevated homocysteine level.

METHODS: In sample of 192 schizophrenics and 213 healthy controls an increasing risk of schizophrenia associated with MTHFR 677 CT+TT genotype was found (OR=1.6, p=0.021). Association was also evaluated by considering the C677T polymorphism as an interaction with COMT Val158Met and ADRA2A C-1291G polymorphisms previously associated with schizophrenia risk using a logistic regression analysis.

RESULTS: Previous studies of MTHFR*COMT (C677T*Val158Met) interaction in relation to schizophrenia resulted in inconsistent results. In our sample this interaction did not significantly differ between schizophrenics and control subjects. On the other hand analysis of MTHFR*ADRA2A (C677T*C-1291G) interaction revealed significant association between ADRA2A CC+CG genotype in the MTHFR TC+TT carriers (p=0.008).

CONCLUSIONS: Our results support role of noradrenergic functions as well as previously proposed role of epigenetic control in the pathogenesis of schizophrenia. Further relevant studies including larger sample size and more markers are needed to prove our results....

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Journal Article 2013; 34(7): 717-721 PubMed PMID: 24464013 Citation  Keywords:  Adult, Choristoma:metabolism, Chromatography, Liquid, Endometriosis:diagnosis, Endometrium:metabolism, Female, Humans, Ovary:metabolism, Proteomics:methods, Tandem Mass Spectrometry, Two-Dimensional Difference Gel Electrophoresis,.   

OBJECTIVE: The present study aimed at performing proteomic analysis of matched eutopic endometrium and ovarian endometrioid cysts from women with endometriosis in order to discover any abnormal protein expression related to the disease.

DESIGN AND SETTING: The study included 8 women with stage III/IV endometriosis according to revised American Fertility Society (rAFS) classification and one woman with no signs of the disease as a reference. Proteomic analysis was performed using a novel isobaric tag-based methodology for relative and absolute peptide quantification (iTRAQ) coupled with multidimensional liquid chromatography and tandem mass spectrometry.

RESULTS: The selection of 419 proteins was found in all endometriosis specimens. Using normal eutopic endometrium from woman without endometriosis as a reference, some proteins expressions were significantly increased in all endometriosis samples. They included collagen α1(XIV), calmodulin, collagen α(VI), plexin, integrin αVβ3, transgelin, desmin, and vimentin. The comparison of these proteins' expression in paired eutopic and ovarian endometriosis samples has revealed that only vimentin was significantly increased in ovarian endometrioma.

CONCLUSIONS: It was confirmed that endometriosis is associated with different expression of proteins in endometriotic samples. Nevertheless, further studies seem to be necessary as they may reveal possible markers that would be useful in clinical diagnosis of the disease....

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Journal Article 2013; 34(7): 675-680 PubMed PMID: 24464006 Citation  Keywords:  Adult, Aged, Cadherins:genetics, Carcinogenesis:genetics, DNA Methylation:genetics, Endometrial Neoplasms:epidemiology, Endometrium:physiology, Female, Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic, Glutathione S-Transferase pi:genetics, Humans, Hyperplasia:epid.   

OBJECTIVES: Endometrial cancer is one of the most common malignancies in women. The prevention has failed so far to develop an effective screening program and its incidence is rising in proportion to the incidence of cervical cancer. In recent years the investigation of malignancy genomics (genetic and epigenetic changes) has become the main focus of scientists because of its high sensitivity and specificity.

MATERIAL AND METHODS: We conducted a prospective longitudinal study at the Dpt. of Gynaecology and Obstetrics of the Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin from 2010 to 2012, in collaboration with the Institute of Pathology of the University Hospital in Martin. We analysed paraffin blocks of endometrial tissue from 123 women with endometrial cancer, hyperplasia and normal endometrial findings. By the use of bisulphidic modification technique and nested methylation-specific PCR (MSP), we analysed the methylation patterns of three genes: GSTP1, E-cad, RASSF1.

RESULTS: We found a statistically significant increase of methylation of the RASSF1 gene in endometrial cancer compared to simplex hyperplasia and intact endometrial tissue (p<0.001). GSTP1 and E-cad did not show any relevant methylation pattern in various endometrial lesions.

CONCLUSION: According to the results of our study, RASSF1 gene methylation could serve as a prognostic factor of endometrial carcinogenesis and could help to predict the behaviour of endometrial hyperplasia....

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Journal Article 2013; 34(7): 624-634 PubMed PMID: 24464002 Citation  Keywords:  Animals, Animals, Newborn, Brain:drug effects, Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor:genetics, Dexamethasone:toxicity, Disease Models, Animal, Drug Interactions, Female, Glucocorticoids:toxicity, Hormone Antagonists:pharmacology, Insulin-Like Growth Factor I:.   

OBJECTIVES: Dexamethasone (Dex) causes neurodegeneration in developing brain. Insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) and -II (IGF-II) are potent neurotrophic and differentiation factors and play key roles in the regulation of growth and development of CNS. Current project evaluated the effects of Dex on IGF-I and -II in developing rat brains.

MATERIAL AND METHODS: Sprague-Dawley rat pups in each litter were divided into vehicle (n=230) or Dex-treated (n=234) groups. Rat pups in the Dex group received one of the 3 different regimens of i.p. Dex: tapering doses (DexTD) on postnatal days (PD) 3 to PD 6 or repeated doses on PD 4 to PD 6 or single dose on PD 6. To quantify the glucocorticoid receptor (GR) blockade effect, rat pups in the DexTD group on PD 3 and 5 received vehicle or RU486 (GR blocker, 60 mg/kg) s.c., twenty minutes prior to Dex treatment.

RESULTS: Dex decreased the gain of body and brain weight while RU486 inhibited these effects. RU486 also prevented the DexTD-induced increase in caspase-3 activity and reduction in IGF-I and -II proteins. Compared to the vehicle, the expression of mRNA of IGF-I and -II decreased at 24 h after DexTD treatment, while RU486 prevented this decrease on IGF-II but not IGF-I.

CONCLUSIONS: Our findings indicate that Dex via GR decreases IGF-I and -II and causes neurodegeneration in the neonatal rat brain....

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Journal Article 2013; 34(7): 635-642 PubMed PMID: 24464001 Citation  Keywords:  Aged, Apolipoprotein E2:genetics, Apolipoprotein E4:genetics, Cognition:drug effects, Cognition Disorders:epidemiology, Dementia:epidemiology, Estrogen Replacement Therapy:methods, Female, Humans, Middle Aged, Polymorphism, Genetic, Postmenopause:drug eff.   

OBJECTIVE: The results of many studies revealed that estrogen plus progestogen therapy (EPT) may modify dementia development risk in relation to the apolipoprotein E gene (APOE) polymorphisms. However, the mechanism and subsequently clinical importance of such an effect are still unexplained. The objective of this study was to explore the influence of EPT on cognitive functioning of women in their postmenopausal life in relation to APOE polymorphism.

METHODS: The group of 214 women was recruited (106 out of this group with EPT) to the study. The inclusion criteria were: minimum two years after the last menstruation, FSH concentration over 30 U/ml and no dementia signs on Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA). Computerized battery of Central Nervous System Vital Signs (CNS VS) test was used to diagnostic cognitive functions. APOE genotype was performed by multiplex PCR. Statistical analysis was performed using two-way analysis of variance in STATISTICA software.

RESULTS & CONCLUSION: The women after menopause have reduced neurocognitive index (NCI) and cognitive functions. NCI and all studied cognitive functions of the patients depended significantly on APOE polymorphisms. The presence of APOE4 corresponded with decreased cognitive functions as opposed to APOE2 which was present in women with better level of cognitive functions. Constantly using EPT correlated with three cognitive functions: memory, verbal memory and processing speed, which were significantly worse for women taking EPT than not taking ones. The interaction between APOE polymorphisms and EPT application was significant only for processing speed. EPT applying women with ε2/ε3 and ε4 obtained better scores in processing speed than women not taking EPT with these APOE polymorphisms. The opposite situation concerned women with ε3/ε3, women taking EPT achieved worse processing scores in comparison with those not taking EPT. It should be noted that APOE polymorphism assessment may be a factor in predicting the effect of EPT on cognitive functioning in postmenopausal period....

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