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Journal Article 2012; 33(Suppl 2): 26-31 PubMed PMID: 23183506 Citation  Keywords:  Adult, Atherosclerosis:blood, Biomarkers:blood, Dyslipidemias:blood, Endothelium, Vascular:metabolism, Fatty Acid-Binding Proteins:blood, Female, Homeostasis:physiology, Humans, Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1:blood, Linear Models, Male, Middle Aged, Mu.   

OBJECTIVES: Some findings support the role of serum adipocyte fatty acid-binding protein (A-FABP) as a key pro-inflammatory mediator that links obesity with cardiovascular diseases. The aim of the study was to evaluate the association of A-FABP with endothelial/hemostatic markers [von Willebrand factor (vWF), plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1), tissue-plasminogen activator (t-PA), soluble intercellular cell adhesion molecule-1 (s-ICAM-1) and soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (s-VCAM-1)] in asymptomatic dyslipidemic subjects.

DESIGN: We examined 105 dyslipidemic patients (with apolipoprotein B concentration ≥1.2 g/l and/or triglyceride (TG) concentration ≥1.5 mmol/l) without clinical manifestation of atherosclerosis and 50 normolipidemic healthy subjects, who served as a control group. Except of endothelial/hemostatic markers, anthropometric and lipid parameters, markers of insulin resistance and inflammation were assessed.

RESULTS: In dyslipidemic patients, A-FABP positively correlated with age (p<0.05), TG (p<0.05), insulin (p<0.05), homeostatic model assessment (HOMA) index (p<0.05), body mass index (p<0.001), waist circumference (p<0.05), high sensitivity C reactive protein (p<0.01), and vWF (p<0.05) and negatively with male gender (p<0.05). There were no correlations between A-FABP and PAI-1, t-PA, s-VCAM-1 or s-ICAM-1. By using linear multivariate regression analysis the positive association between A-FABP and vWF was independent of age, gender, insulin resistance, and visceral obesity.

CONCLUSION: Study displayed an independent positive association of A-FABP with vWF in clinically asymptomatic dyslipidemic subjects. Contribution of A-FABP in the process of endothelial dysfunction could help to explain the role of obesity in cardiovascular damage....

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Journal Article 2012; 33(Suppl 2): 22-25 PubMed PMID: 23183505 Citation  Keywords:  Adult, Aged, Atorvastatin Calcium, Cholesterol, HDL:blood, Cholesterol, LDL:blood, Dyslipidemias:drug therapy, Female, Genotype, Heptanoic Acids:administration & dosage, Humans, Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors:therapeutic use, Male, Middle .   

OBJECTIVES: A significant inter-individual variability in statin treatment efficacy is likely to have a strong genetic background. A candidate gene with the potential to influence statin treatment efficacy is SLCO1B1. This gene codes for the solute carrier organic anion transporter, which has been shown to regulate the hepatic uptake of statins and some other drugs.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: The SLCO1B1 rs4149056 (T>C) polymorphism was successfully analysed in a group of 253 patients with dyslipidemia (treated with simvastin or atorvastatin, 10 or 20 mg per day) and 470 healthy normolipidemic controls. The polymorphism was analysed using nested PCR-RFLP. Lipid levels (total, LDL and HDL cholesterol; triglycerides) were analysed before and after 10-13 weeks of treatment.

RESULTS: After treatment, as expected, there was a significant decrease both in the total cholesterol (7.60±1.36 → 5.37±1.12 mmol/L, p<0.001) and LDL cholesterol (5.04±1.34 → 3.17±0.99 mmol/L, p<0.001) levels. The distribution of the individual genotypes in the patients (TT=61.7%, CT=31.6%, CC=6.7%) was similar (p=0.35) to that of the normolipidemic controls (TT=64.4%, CT=31.3%, CC=4.3%). Homozygous CC males exhibited the lowest (Δ -21.2±7.2%) decrease of total cholesterol in contrast to the females, in whom the same genotype was associated with the highest (Δ -33.5±7.6 %) decrease (p=0.04 for gene-gender interaction).

CONCLUSIONS: The results of our pilot study suggest possible gender-dependent effects of the rs4149056 variant within the SLCO1B1 gene on statin treatment efficacy....

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Journal Article 2012; 33(Suppl 2): 17-21 PubMed PMID: 23183504 Citation  Keywords:  Aged, Climacteric, Coronary Disease:epidemiology, Estrogen Replacement Therapy:statistics & numerical data, Estrogens:administration & dosage, Female, Humans, Middle Aged, Progestins:administration & dosage, Risk Factors, Time Factors,.   

: The aim of this work is to give summary of changes in recommendation for hormone replacement therapy (HT) and cardiovascular prevention during last decade. Conclusions from observational studies demonstrated a positive effect of HT in both the primary and secondary prevention of coronary heart disease (CHD). But large randomized trials failed to prove this positive effect; on the contrary, the cardiovascular risk was increased in the beginning of therapy. But estrogen arm of Women's Health Initiative (WHI) show neutral influence and the Estrogen in the Prevention of Atherosclerosis Trial (EPAT) indicate possible positive effects of some HT regimens. Also reanalysis of WHI in age-related groups show the window of opportunity. The prevention of CHD was excluded from possible indications of HT. Many questions regarding optimal choice in the individual treatment strategies have been raised. HT in its individualized form remains the first choice therapy for the acute climacteric syndrome, for the prevention and the therapy of urogenital atrophy and prevention of osteoporosis. Early start of HT has neutral or slightly positive effect on cardiovascular prevention....

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Journal Article 2012; 33(Suppl 2): 13-16 PubMed PMID: 23183503 Citation  Keywords:  Acute Coronary Syndrome:epidemiology, Adult, Angiopoietins:genetics, Czech Republic:epidemiology, Female, Genetic Predisposition to Disease:epidemiology, Genetic Variation:genetics, Genotype, Hepatocyte Nuclear Factor 1-alpha:genetics, Humans, Male, Middl.   

BACKGROUND: Atherosclerosis is a complex arterial disease involving interactions between multiple genetic and environmental factors. A large number of genetic polymorphisms associated with atherosclerotic diseases have been identified in recent years. We investigated the possible association between hepatic nuclear factor (HNF1-α) and angiopoietin-like 4 (ANGPTL4) single nucleotide polymorphisms and the risk of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) in the Czech population.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 1,182 patients with ACS (835 males and 347 females) and 1,200 healthy controls (827 males and 373 females) were included in the study. All patients were younger than 65 years of age. rs7310409 (A>G within the HNF1-α gene) and rs116843064 (G>A within the ANGPTL4 gene) were genotyped using TaqMan genotyping assays.

RESULTS: The frequencies of the genotypes in patients with ACS did not significantly differ from the control group for the rs7310409 polymorphism (AA=17.1%, AG=46.6%, GG=36.2% vs. AA=14.4%, AG=50.3%, GG=35.3%, respectively; p=0.12) or the rs116843064 polymorphism (AA=0.1%, AG=3.5%, GG=96.4% vs. AA=0.1%, AG=4.2%, GG=95.7%, respectively; p=0.69). There was no interaction with gender. In addition, gene variants were not associated with common cardiovascular risk factors (dyslipidaemia, hypertension, smoking, obesity and diabetes).

CONCLUSIONS: No association was observed between polymorphisms within the HNF1-α and ANGPTL4 genes and the risk of ACS in the Czech population....

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Journal Article 2012; 33(Suppl 2): 6-12 PubMed PMID: 23183502 Citation  Keywords:  Adipocytes:metabolism, Adipose Tissue:metabolism, Adult, Body Composition:physiology, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1:drug therapy, Diet, Reducing, Fasting:physiology, Fatty Acid-Binding Proteins:blood, Fatty Acids, Nonesterified:blood, Female, Glucose Clamp Te.   

OBJECTIVES: The influence of body fat reduction on adipocyte fatty acid-binding protein (A-FABP) in obese patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) was investigated to examine whether it relates to the etiopathogenesis of insulin resistance (IR) and obesity.

METHODS: We studied 14 obese patients with T1DM and IR (42.6±9.4 years, BMI 32.4±2.1 kg/m2) and 13 non-obese control patients with T1DM (36.9±13.9 years, BMI 22.6±2.1 kg/m2). Plasma FABP was measured by ELISA and plasma free fatty acids (FFA) were measured spectrophotometrically before weight reduction, immediately after 7 days of fasting and after 21 days on a low-calorie diet. The control group was studied only after overnight fasting. Body composition was examined using bioimpedance spectroscopy. The means ± SD, T-test, one-way ANOVA and Spearman's correlation were used for statistical evaluation.

RESULTS: All patients tolerated the period of fasting. Obese T1DM patients lost 6.1±1.1 kg. There was a significant decrease in body mass index and body fat measured 21 days after weight reduction (p<0.05). Plasma FABP and FFA concentrations in obese T1DM patients before weight reduction were significantly higher than in controls, further increased significantly after fasting (p<0.05) and were restored thereafter. Significant positive correlations between FABP and FFA and between FABP and BMI (p<0.05) were found.

CONCLUSION: Increased plasma FABP indicates insulin resistance in obese patients with T1DM. Weight reduction in T1DM patients is associated with a desirable decrease of body fat and transiently increased FABP. This increase might be a temporary adaptation of metabolism to non-stress fasting....

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Journal Article 2012; 33(Suppl 2): 3-5 PubMed PMID: 23183501 Citation  Keywords:  Adult, Ascorbic Acid:administration & dosage, Calcium, Dietary:administration & dosage, Cardiovascular Diseases:epidemiology, Czech Republic:epidemiology, Dietary Fats:administration & dosage, Dietary Proteins:administration & dosage, Feeding Behavior, Fe.   

OBJECTIVES: Approximately 30% of the adult Czech population smokes. Previous studies of smokers have documented diet sufficient in energy, but inadequate intake of dietary fibre, vitamins A, E, calcium and proteins.

DESIGN: Nutrition was assessed between the groups of the probands (over 18 years aged, 667 smokers, 1044 nonsmokers, 428 past smokers) from 1% random sample of the Czech population. All volunteers completed a one day dietary recall after instruction from a nutrition expert. The dietary recall calculated energy, proteins, fats, vitamins C and E, cholesterol, fibre, calcium and iron intake using the Nutridan programme.

RESULTS: Smokers had higher consumption of animal (p=0.0034), and total fat (p=0.0315), cholesterol (p=0.005), and lower intake of vitamin E (p=0.004) than nonsmokers. No other differences were found. The differences between past smokers and other groups were insignificant.

CONCLUSION: The smokers consumed more total and animal fat, cholesterol and less of vitamin E than nonsmokers....

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Congresses 2012; 33(Suppl 2): 13-16 PubMed PMID: 23183500 Citation  Keywords:  Atherosclerosis:therapy, Czech Republic, Endocrinology:trends, Humans, Neurology:trends,.   

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Journal Article 2012; 33(6): 603-607 PubMed PMID: 23160233 Citation  Keywords:  Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Biomarkers:blood, Brain Ischemia:blood, Female, Humans, Middle Aged, Prognosis, Resistin:blood, Risk Factors, Stroke:blood, Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha:blood,.   

OBJECTIVES: Resistin may be an independent inflammatory marker of atherosclerosis. Therefore, its circulating level might be important prognostic factor of cardiovascular disease in humans. We aimed in this study to assess plasma resistin concentration in Polish women with acute ischemic stroke, who additionally suffer from chronic diseases: diabetes, hypertension and/or obesity. The changes of resistin levels after 10 days from the onset of stroke and possible associations between resistin and pro-inflammatory cytokine TNFα were also evaluated.

MATERIAL AND METHODS: Material consisted of 41 women with ischemic stroke (aged 60-85 years) and 64 controls (aged 60-85 years). Circulating resistin and TNFα concentrations were measured using ELISA. Blood was taken twice in the stroke group, in the first and tenth day from the onset of clinical symptoms, and only once in the controls. Clinical and biochemical data (blood pressure, weight, height, glucose, insulin, lipid profile) were collected.

RESULTS: Higher concentrations of resistin and TNFα were observed in ischemic stroke patients at the first day comparing to the controls. Second evaluation after 10 days in comparison with the first measurement revealed significantly higher TNFα levels and non-significant lower values of resistin. Resistin positively correlated with TNFα and stroke severity.

CONCLUSIONS: Changes in resistin and TNFα concentrations were observed in the course of stroke. Further investigations are required to assess the implication of these findings. Higher resistin concentration might be associated with worse neurological deficits....

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