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Journal Article 2015; 36(5): 401-406 PubMed PMID: 26707036 Citation  Keywords:  Bone Density Conservation Agents:therapeutic use, Estrogen Replacement Therapy:methods, Female, Humans, Jaw:metabolism, Male, Osteoporosis:drug therapy, Osteoporosis, Postmenopausal:drug therapy, Periodontitis:epidemiology,.   

: Today's knowledge and studies show a firm correlation between osteoporosis and periodontitis, particularly in postmenopausal women. This review study deals with epidemiological and etiopathogenetic association between chronic periodontitis and an osteoporosis. A special emphasis is put on explanation of possible relations between a premature tooth loss and decrease of length and density of jaw bones, particularly their alveolar prolongations. The second part of the paper deals with principles of treatment in patients suffering of osteoporosis. Osteoporosis reduces density of jaw bones and decreases a number of teeth in jaws, but it does not affect other clinical signs and markers of periodontitis such as inflammation, bleeding and the depth of periodontal pockets and microbial plaque....

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Journal Article 2014; 35(1): 7-12 PubMed PMID: 24625921 Citation  Keywords:  Citalopram:administration & dosage, Humans, Hyponatremia:chemically induced, Osteoporosis:chemically induced, Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors:administration & dosage, Romano-Ward Syndrome:chemically induced, Serotonin Antagonists:administration & dosage, .   

: The authors present an overview of the most often discussed questions concerning citalopram, i.e. its proven effect on the QT interval and related dose reductions. They discuss citalopram's antiplatelet effect including the most recent data and draw attention to serotonin syndrome as its incidence is still underestimated. They go on to discuss hyponatremia pointing out that this condition may develop even in those taking low doses of citalopram. Finally, the authors provide a brief overview of the latest findings on osteoporosis and the serotonergic mechanism inducing it in individuals treated with a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor....

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Journal Article 2010; 31(1): 155-160 PubMed PMID: 20150868 Citation  Keywords:  Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Biomarkers:analysis, Body Mass Index, Bone Density, Bone Remodeling:physiology, Bone and Bones:metabolism, Calcium:analysis, Female, Humans, Leptin:blood, Male, Middle Aged, Osteoporosis:blood,.   

OBJECTIVE: Clinical data have suggested that obesity protects against osteoporosis. Leptin, mainly secreted by white adipose tissue, might be involved by mediating an effect on bone metabolism. This study was conducted to investigate a possible relationship of leptin and bone turn-over in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis.

METHODS: We measured bone mineral density (BMD), serum leptin levels and markers of bone metabolism, including osteocalcin and cross-laps in 44 patients with osteoporosis. The main group consisted of 32 postmenopausal women.

RESULTS: Mean serum leptin was 13.1 microg/L and showed no statistically significant difference to the levels measured in a collective of normal persons adjusted for age and BMI. When related to serum cross-laps as markers of bone resorption, a positive correlation (p<0.05) was observed, whereas no correlation with osteocalcin could be seen.

CONCLUSIONS: A dual control of bone formation by leptin is assumed: This involves local mechanisms acting on osteoblasts and a central inhibitory effect on bone metabolism via a hypothalamic relay. Our data indicate that the net effect of circulating leptin may cause bone loss and is significantly related to high-turnover serum bone markers, at least in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis....

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Journal Article 2009; 30(4): 540-546 PubMed PMID: 20010502 Citation  Keywords:  Aged, Bone Density:genetics, Bone Diseases, Metabolic:epidemiology, Female, Genetic Predisposition to Disease:epidemiology, Genotype, Humans, Middle Aged, Osteoporosis, Postmenopausal:epidemiology, Poland:epidemiology, Polymerase Chain Reaction, Polymorph.   

OBJECTIVE: Recently the significance of genetic traits, influencing hormonal and environmental factors, in susceptibility to osteopenia and osteoporosis development has been indicated. Much attention to the polymorphic variants of vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene was paid. The restriction polymorphisms in VDR gene could be involved in the modulation of vitamin D action and modulate the level of bone mineral density (BMD) and the risk to develop osteopenia and osteoporosis.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: Total 321 postmenopausal women (mean age 63.26 +/- 8.90 years), including women with osteoporosis (163 patients) and osteopenia (95) have been compared to 63 women with normal t-score value. For detection of VDR polymorphisms PCR/RFLP (polymerase chain reaction/restriction fragment length polymorphism) assay have been used.

RESULTS: The frequency of BsmI, ApaI, and TaqI polymorphic variants of VDR gene detected in investigated groups was not statistically different. The slight, not significant tendency to prevalence of a allele (ApaI polymorphism) in the controls comparing to women with osteoporosis and osteopenia have been noted. Higher prevalence of homozygous TT genotype (TaqI polymorphism) the in the both groups with lower BMD value (47.9 : 49.5 vs. 34.9% in the controls) and higher prevalence of T allele in these both groups (65.9 : 68.4 vs. 57.9) was been also observed.

CONCLUSIONS: The presence of T allele of TaqI polymorphism could predict the higher risk to develop osteoporosis in postmenopausal woman; consequently t allele could have protective effect. The presence of A allele (ApaI polymprphism) seems to be weakly connected with osteoporosis susceptibility....

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Clinical Trial 2008; 29(2): 252-255 PubMed PMID: 18404138 Citation  Keywords:  Alendronate:pharmacology, Bone Density Conservation Agents:pharmacology, Diphosphonates:pharmacology, Female, Humans, Lipid Metabolism:drug effects, Lipids:blood, Middle Aged, Osteoporosis, Postmenopausal:blood,.   

OBJECTIVES: Bisphosphonates are widely used for the treatment of metabolic bone disorders and their effects on lipid metabolism have also been investigated. Some studies reported that bisphosphonates have beneficial effects on serum cholesterol levels. In this study we aimed to assess the effects of bisphosphonates on lipid levels in hyperlipidemic patients who received bisphosphonates because of osteoporosis.

METHODS: 49 female patients (age: 54.2+/-7.2 years) with diagnosis of osteoporosis and hyperlipidemia were enrolled. Patients received alendronate 10 mg/day and they were followed up for 6 months. Pretreatment total cholesterol, triglyceride, HDL-cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, apolipoprotein A1 and apolipoprotein B levels were measured and compared with post-treatment levels.

RESULTS: Pretreatment and post-treatment levels of total cholesterol were 255.2+/-34.3; 233.02+/-37.0 mg/dL, triglyceride levels were 153.0+/-57.3; 129.1+/-54.4 mg/dL, and LDL levels were 170.7+/-30.5; 160.0+/-34.2 mg/dL, respectively. Reductions in total cholesterol, triglyceride and LDL-cholesterol levels were statistically significant; whereas differences in HDL-cholesterol, apolipoprotein-A1 and apolipoprotein-B levels were not significant.

CONCLUSIONS: Data from our study suggest that alendronate therapy may have beneficial effects on lipid metabolism. Thus, when hyperlipidemia is detected in patients receiving bisphosphonates, it is considered reasonable to follow the patient for a while before initiating antihyperlipidemic agent to prevent unnecessary use of drugs....

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Journal Article 2002; 23(Suppl 1): 104-109 PubMed PMID: 12019362 Citation  Keywords:  Alkaline Phosphatase:metabolism, Animals, Biomarkers, Bone and Bones:metabolism, Collagen:metabolism, Female, Melatonin:pharmacology, Osteoporosis:metabolism, Ovariectomy, Pineal Gland:physiology, Rats, Rats, Wistar,.   

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: There have been suggestions in literature that characteristic changes of bone mass in osteoporosis may be related to the melatonin (Mel): The aim of this study was to demonstrate whether pinealectomy and Mel administration can affect postmenopausal osteoporosis processes induced in female rats by way of ovariectomy.

METHODS: The study included 198 animals; 6 remained intact (0), 96 were ovariectomized (Ox), and the remaining ones underwent a sham operation (SOx). Two weeks after surgery, the rats were divided into eight groups: 1) SOx + SPx, 2) SOx + SPx + Mel, 3) Ox + SPx, 4) Ox + SPx + Mel, 5) SOx + Px, 6) SOx + Px + Mel, 7) Ox + Px, 8) Ox + Px + Mel. Animals from the 5th, 6th, 7th and 8th groups were pinealectomized (Px) while the remaining ones underwent a sham operation (SPx). Two weeks after surgery Mel (50microg/100g of bm) were administered intraperitoneally in rats in the 2nd, 4th, 6th and 8th groups while the remaining animals were administered with solvent only (5% solution of ethyl alcohol in physiological saline). Rats were administered the Mel solution or the solvent daily between 5 and 6 pm during a 4-week period. At the appropriate time, i.e. prior to surgery (group 0) and after 6, 12, 18 and 24 weeks from Px or SPx (time subgroups a, b, c and d) the animals were placed separately in metabolic cages (from 6.30 until 9.30 am) in order to collect urine aliquots for HYP and Ca determinations. The blood for the assay of ALP, PICP and ICTP was collected within the next 24 hours at 8 am (rats killed by decapitation).

RESULTS: The study has shown that pinealectomy had inducing, while exogenous Mel suppressing effect upon the level of investigated markers of bone metabolism; these changes were more pronounced in ovariectomized rats. Administration of Mel only partially levelled changes of bone metabolism caused by pinealectomy. In rats with preserved pineal gland effect of Mel on bone turnover markers was less pronounced. After discontinuing administration of Mel distinct tendency to increase studied biochemical markers of bone metabolism was shown.

CONCLUSION: Our findings suggest that Mel is an important modulator of experimental osteoporosis processes induced in female rats by way of ovariectomy....

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Journal Article 2001; 22(2): 129-136 PubMed PMID: 11335889 Citation  Keywords:  Alkaline Phosphatase:blood, Animals, Biomarkers:analysis, Bone and Bones:metabolism, Calcium:urine, Circadian Rhythm, Collagen:blood, Collagen Type I, Disease Models, Animal, Female, Humans, Hydroxyproline:urine, Melatonin:blood, Osteoporosis, Postmenopau.   

BACKGROUND: Lately, there have been suggestions that bone mass changes occurring in postmenopausal women may remain related to melatonin.

OBJECTIVE: To assess the relationship between the dynamic pattern of nighttime levels of melatonin and chosen biochemical markers of bone metabolism in ovariectomized rats--a model of postmenopausal osteoporosis.

METHODS: Mature Wistar female rats were either ovariectomozed or underwent a sham operation. Following this they were killed at 02:00AM at weekly intervals for 8 weeks after surgery. Serum levels of MEL at death related to the chosen biochemical markers of bone formation (alkaline phosphatase--ALP; carboxyterminal propeptide of type I procollagen--PICP, both in serum) and resorption (cross-linked carboxyterminal telopeptide of type I collagen--ICTP in serum; hydroxyproline--HYP and total calcium--Ca, both excreted in urine).

RESULTS: In all ovariectomized rats changes of examined indices of bone tissue metabolism were found to be dynamic and statistically significant relative to the control group; however the changes were more pronounced regarding resorption markers. Following ovariectomy, the increase in ALP and PICP values was found to begin at the 4th and the 1st week, while that in ICTP, HYP and Ca at the 2nd, the 1st and the 1st week, respectively. The ALP and PICP values remained at a similar level until the end of observation, whereas ICTP, HYP and Ca gradually decreased. MEL levels were decreased during the 2nd week following surgery and slightly increased 2 weeks later. The serum MEL levels in the ovariectomized group were significantly and negatively correlated with serum ICTP and both urinary HYP and Ca levels.

CONCLUSION: Our findings in rats seem to corroborate the concept of secondary changes in MEL levels co-participating in the development of bone mass changes characteristic for postmenopausal osteoporosis....

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Journal Article 2001; 22(2): 121-127 PubMed PMID: 11335888 Citation  Keywords:  Body Constitution, Body Mass Index, Bone and Bones:metabolism, Circadian Rhythm, Collagen:analysis, Collagen Type I, Female, Humans, Melatonin:analysis, Middle Aged, Obesity:metabolism, Osteoporosis, Postmenopausal:prevention & control, Peptide Fragments:.   

BACKGROUND: Few experimental and clinical studies show that melatonin (MEL) can play a significant part to modulate circadian bone metabolism. On this basis it was suggested that MEL secretion which altered during 24-h in obese women could be of importance to regulate bony mass defect after menopause.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study was to prove if there were any connection between changes in 24-h profile of serum MEL levels and circadian metabolism of type I collagen in postmenopausal women with visceral obesity.

METHODS: The relationship of 24-h profile of salivary MEL and circadian metabolism of type I collagen (as assessed by measuring saliva concentrations of carboxyterminal propeptide of type I procollagen--PICP and cross-linked carboxyterminal telopeptide of type I collagen--ICTP) was investigated in 26 women with visceral obesity (33.5 < BMI < 42.1 kg/m(2)) and 18 healthy volunteers with correct body mass (21 < BMI < 24.5 kg/m(2); 0.73 < WHR < 0.76). The specimens were collected at subjects' home at 3 h intervals during a 24 h span. The age range of all subjects was 52-60 years.

RESULTS: In all the obese women studied a tendency to suppress circadian levels of tested biochemical markers of bone metabolism was observed (especially regarding ICTP); those alterations were accompanied by substantial increment in MEL concentrations during the day. Significant and negative correlation was found between values of acrophase MEL and PICP rhythms and both amplitude and acrophase of MEL and ICTP rhythms.

CONCLUSION: Our results confirm hypothesis that alterations in MEL concentrations might have a protective effect against postmenopausal loss of bone mass....

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