Search NEL Online

Journal Article 2004; 25(3): 201-206 PubMed PMID: 15349086 Citation  Keywords:  Adult, Electromagnetic Fields, Estradiol:blood, Follicle Stimulating Hormone:blood, Humans, Low Back Pain:blood, Luteinizing Hormone:blood, Male, Middle Aged, Physical Therapy Modalities, Prolactin:blood, Testosterone:blood, Time Factors,.   

OBJECTIVES: There is widespread public concern that electromagnetic fields might be hazardous. However, studies on the biological effects of magnetic fields (MFs) have not always been consistent. Influence of extremely-low frequency MFs used in physiotherapy on endocrine system was rarely examined. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to investigate the concentrations of some pituitary (FSH, LH, prolactin) and sex (testosterone, estradiol) hormones in men with back pain exposed to magnetic fields applied during magnetotherapy or magnetostimulation over the period of three weeks.

MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study was performed on 20 men aged 28-62 years (mean+/-SEM: 46.4+/-2.0 years) suffering from chronic low back pain who underwent magnetotherapy (10 patients, mean age+/-SEM: 48.4 years, range: 28-62 years) or subjected to magnetostimulation (10 patients, mean age+/-SEM: 44.3 years, range: 34-52 years) for 15 days (daily at 10:00 h, with weekend breaks). Blood samples were collected at 08:00 before magnetic field application, one day and one month following the application. Concentrations of hormones were measured by micromethod of chemiluminescence.

RESULTS: Both magnetotherapy and magnetostimulation lowered levels of prolactin. The levels of LH decreased significantly one month after magnetotherapy in comparison with the baseline whereas following magnetostimulation slight but insignificant increase was observed. Estradiol concentrations were significantly lower one day and one month following magnetosimulation in comparison to the baseline and did not change after magnetotherapy. No statistically significant changes were observed in levels of FSH and testosterone after either magnetotherapy or magnetosimulation at any time examined.

CONCLUSION: Magnetic fields applied in physiotherapy exert no or very subtle effect on concentrations of FSH, LH, prolactin, testosterone, and estradiol in men....

Read abstract

Clinical Trial 2003; 24(1-2): 50-53 PubMed PMID: 12743532 Citation  Keywords:  Adult, Apomorphine:pharmacology, Disease Progression, Human Growth Hormone:blood, Humans, Hydrocortisone:blood, Male, Neoplasm Metastasis, Neoplasms:physiopathology, Neurosecretory Systems:drug effects, Prolactin:blood,.   

OBJECTIVES: The clinical approach of the Psychooncology is generally limited to the investigation of the only psychological status of cancer patients, without taking into consideration the well demonstrated cancer progression-related psychoneuroendocrine alterations, namely consisting of a progressive decline in the pineal endocrine function and an anomalous activity of brain opioid system. The endocrine response to apomorphine, a dopaminergic agent, has been proven to reflect the dopaminergic sensitivity, which would be involved at least in part in pleasure-related neurochemical mechanisms. The present study was performed to analyze the endocrine response to apomorphine in metastatic cancer patients, as a preliminary approach to the investigation of pleasure-related neuroendocrine mechanisms in human neoplasms.

MATERIALS & METHODS: The study included 10 metastatic cancer male patients and 6 male volunteers as a control group. Apomorphine was given orally at 0.01 mg/kg body weight in the morning, and venous blood samples were collected before, and at 20, 60 and 120 minutes after apomorphine administration. The endocrine analysis consisted of the measurement of serum levels of GH, PRL and cortisol.

RESULTS: All cancer patients presented alterations involving one or more endocrine responses to apomorphine. GH and cortisol mean levels after apomorphine were significantly higher in controls than in cancer patients, whereas no substantial difference occurred in those of PRL.

CONCLUSIONS: This preliminary study, by showing an altered endocrine response to apomorphine in metastatic cancer patients, would suggest that cancer progression may be associated with an altered dopaminergic sensitivity. Because of the involvement of the dopaminergic system in pleasure-related neurochemical mechanisms, this finding would demonstrated that the decline in the perception of pleasure with cancer progression may depend not only on psychological factors, but also, at least in part, on psychochemical alterations occurring during the clinical course of the neoplastic disease....

Read abstract  Full text PDF

Journal Article 2002; 23(4): 321-324 PubMed PMID: 12195234 Citation  Keywords:  Adjuvants, Immunologic:pharmacology, Animals, Carcinogenicity Tests, Dehydroepiandrosterone:pharmacology, Estradiol:pharmacology, Female, Galanin:genetics, Gene Expression:drug effects, Pituitary Gland, Anterior:drug effects, Prolactin:blood, RNA, Messeng.   

OBJECTIVES: The effects of dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) on galanin (GAL) and prolactin (PRL) mRNA expression in the anterior pituitary of Fischer 344 rats were studied, taking in consideration that: (1) DHEA is an androgen with estrogenic activity on pituitary lactotrophs; (2) estrogens induce prolactinomas in Fischer 344 rats; and (3) GAL has been considered the main mediator of estrogen-induced lactotroph proliferation.

DESIGN: Female rats were ovariectomized and used as controls or treated during 2 weeks with DHEA (500 mg/kg/day or 5 mg/kg/day or 50 mg/kg/day) or estradiol (E2, 50 microg/kg/day), as a positive control for pituitary growth and GAL induction. GAL and PRL mRNA expression were studied by in situ hybridization.

RESULTS: Both DHEA and E2 induced PRL mRNA synthesis. However, DHEA neither produced pituitary enlargement nor GAL induction, in contrast to E2.

CONCLUSIONS: Our results shows that GAL is not involved in the estrogenic activity of DHEA on pituitary lactotrophs, and suggest that DHEA effects are exerted directly on the PRL gene or through another mechanism(s) not related to GAL....

Read abstract

Clinical Trial 2002; 23(1): 61-63 PubMed PMID: 11880864 Citation  Keywords:  Aged, Androgen Antagonists:therapeutic use, Anilides:therapeutic use, Humans, Levodopa, Male, Middle Aged, Nitriles, Prolactin:blood, Prostatic Neoplasms:blood, Tosyl Compounds,.   

OBJECTIVES: The secretion of prolactin (PRL), which is a growth factor for prostate cancer cell proliferation, has been proven to present profound alterations in advanced prostate cancer patients, consisting of abnormally elevated baseline levels and paradoxical response to L-dopa. Moreover, the efficacy of standard therapies for prostate cancer may be mediated at least in part by changes in PRL secretion. The present study was carried out to analyze the effects of the new antiandrogen agent bicalutamide on basal levels of PRL and on its response to L-dopa in metastatic prostate cancer patients.

MATERIAL & METHODS: The study included 10 metastatic prostate cancer patients. They were treated with bicalutamide at a dose of 50 mg/day orally. They were investigated with L-dopa test before therapy and after one month of treatment. L-dopa was given orally at 500 mg, by collecting blood samples before and at 60, 120 and 180 minutes after L-dopa administration. Serum levels of PRL were measured by the RIA method.

RESULTS: Abnormally basal levels of PRL were seen in 4/10 (40%) patients. Mean PRL basal levels decreased after bicalutamide therapy, without, however, significant differences. Before therapy, a paradoxical increase in PRL levels after L-dopa occurred in 4 patients, 3 of them showed basal concentrations of PRL within the normal range. Moreover, bicalutamide therapy significantly reduced PRL increase in response to L-dopa.

CONCLUSIONS: This study would suggest that the measurement of the only basal levels is not sufficient to define as normal the secretion of PRL in advanced prostate cancer, because of the possible existence of altered response to the dynamic tests for PRL secretion. Moreover, the study shows that the antitumor therapy with the new anti-androgen bicalutamide may reduce PRL secretion and improve its paradoxical secretion in response to L.-Dopa. Further studies will be required to better define the possible prognostic impact of changes in PRL secretion on the efficacy of treatments for metastatic prostate cancer....

Read abstract  Full text PDF

Journal Article 2001; 22(4): 243-247 PubMed PMID: 11524630 Citation  Keywords:  Adult, Anti-Anxiety Agents:therapeutic use, Anxiety Disorders:drug therapy, Genitalia, Male:drug effects, Gonadotropins:blood, Humans, Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System:drug effects, Isoindoles, Male, Middle Aged, Piperazines:therapeutic use, Prolactin:blood.   

BACKGROUND: Serotonin (5-HT) agonists are reported to affect prolactin (PRL) and gonadotropin secretion. A small study was conducted on male patients with generalized anxiety disorders to investigate the clinical and neuroendocrinological effects of the 5-HT(1A) receptor agonist tandospirone (TDS) on the hypothalamo-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis.

METHODS: The subjects for the present study included 11 male outpatients. Informed consent was obtained from all subjects involved in this study. The endocrine studies were done before and during TDS administration. Psychiatric ratings were done using the Japanese version of the Spielberger's State-Trait Anxiety Inventory.

RESULTS: We found that both state- and trait-anxiety scores were significantly reduced by TDS treatment; there was no significant difference in PRL, gonadotropins or testosterone (T) between the patients and normal controls; TDS administration showed significant stimulatory effects on PRL and T; and PRL change between baseline and TDS steady state (DeltaPRL) did not show a significant correlation with improvement in state or trait-anxiety scores.

CONCLUSIONS: Our results indicate that PRL response may not provide a clinical predictor; (2) PRL level may not reflect the level of anxiety, and 5-HT(1A) may have stimulatory effects on PRL. However, further, double-blind evaluation with a larger sample would be needed for clarification of effects of 5-HT(1A) on the HPG axis....

Read abstract  Full text PDF