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Letter 2007; 28(3): 247-249 PubMed PMID: 17627255 Citation  Keywords:  Humans, Microscopy, Electron, Purkinje Cells:ultrastructure,.   

: Conventional electron microscopy of human cerebellar cortex has revealed two types of Purkinje neurons with different staining intensities. The light-stained type constitute the major type and both types have similar diameters. This finding was not reported in human before but in lower mammalian. Whether the different staining pattern of Purkinje neurons implies a specific histo-functional aspect a pathological one or histological artifacts is not known....

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Journal Article 2007; 28(Suppl 2): 49-50 PubMed PMID: 17558383 Citation  Keywords:  Africa South of the Sahara:epidemiology, Anti-Bacterial Agents:therapeutic use, Antimalarials:therapeutic use, Artemisinins:therapeutic use, Ceftriaxone:therapeutic use, Chloramphenicol:therapeutic use, Diagnosis, Differential, Drug Therapy, Combination, .   

: Review of 497 cases of neuroinfections in 7 tropical clinics in Ethiopia, Uganda, Burundi, Kenya, Sudan within 2000-2007 was performed. 97.5% of all cases was cerebral malaria (40.1%) and bacterial meningitis (56.4%). TB meningitis, cerebral cryptococcosis and sleeping sickness were very rare....

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Journal Article 2007; 28(Suppl 2): 45-46 PubMed PMID: 17558381 Citation  Keywords:  Antimalarials:therapeutic use, Artemisinins:therapeutic use, Child, Preschool, Clindamycin:therapeutic use, Coma:epidemiology, Comorbidity, Drug Therapy, Combination, Fever:epidemiology, Humans, Infant, Malaria, Cerebral:drug therapy, Quinine:therapeutic .   

: Two hundred-sixty-one (261) cases of cerebral malaria within last 8 years from 3 tropical clinics in South Sudan were analyzed. Coma was present at 79.8% and convulsions at 25.6%. However 90.5% of children were cured. Commonest antimalarial drugs used were intravenous quinine, clindamycin, artesunate and artemeter....

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Letter 2007; 28(Suppl 2): 45-46 PubMed PMID: 17558380 Citation  Keywords:  Anti-Bacterial Agents:therapeutic use, Ceftriaxone:therapeutic use, Child, Child, Preschool, Chloramphenicol:therapeutic use, Disease Notification, Humans, Meningitis, Meningococcal:drug therapy, Population Surveillance, Refugees, Sudan:epidemiology, Trea.   

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Journal Article 2007; 28(Suppl 2): 38-39 PubMed PMID: 17558378 Citation  Keywords:  Anti-Infective Agents:therapeutic use, Brain Diseases:drug therapy, Candidiasis:drug therapy, Cross Infection:drug therapy, Drug Resistance, Microbial, Fluconazole:therapeutic use, Humans, Meningitis:drug therapy, Pseudomonas Infections:drug therapy, Stap.   

: Within last 15 years, analyzing patterns of etiology and resistance in organisms causing neuroinfections, emergence of resistance has been observed in Slovakia in S. haemolyticus to teicoplanin (11%), Ps. aeruginosa and A. baumannii to meropenem (20%) and Candida spp. (non-albicans Candida spp.) to fluconazol (20%). There are no new antibiotics against carbapenem resistant Ps. aeruginosa and Acinetobacter baumannii....

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Journal Article 2007; 28(Suppl 2): 34-35 PubMed PMID: 17558376 Citation  Keywords:  Anti-Bacterial Agents:therapeutic use, Child, Child, Preschool, Cross Infection:drug therapy, Humans, Infant, Infant, Newborn, Meningitis, Bacterial:drug therapy, Neurosurgical Procedures:adverse effects, Postoperative Complications:drug therapy, Retrospe.   

: Analysing 101 cases of nosocomial meningitis due to staphylococci other than S. aureus within last 15 years, coagulase negative staphylococci represented the commonest pathogen. Major risk factor for staphylococcal meningitis was prior neurosurgery, mainly ventriculoperitoneal shunt insertion. Ten of 101 cases were caused by glycopeptide intermediate resistant strains in patients pretreated with multiple combination of antibiotics including vancomycin and shunt exchanges: 76% of strains were also oxacillin resistant....

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Journal Article 2007; 28(Suppl 2): 32-33 PubMed PMID: 17558375 Citation  Keywords:  Anti-Bacterial Agents:therapeutic use, Cross Infection:drug therapy, Enterococcus faecalis:pathogenicity, Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections:complications, Humans, Infant, Newborn, Infant, Very Low Birth Weight, Meningitis, Bacterial:drug therapy, Neurosu.   

: Enterococcal meningitis is a rare complication of neurosurgical procedure or high technology treatment of children and occurs mainly imunocompromised neonates with very low birth weight, severe prematurity and complicates sometime ventriculoperitoneal shunt insertion or perinatal trauma. E. faecalis caused 10 nosocomial meningitis and all strains were susceptible to vancomycin and chloramphenicol, and in our database 90% also to gentamicin and ampicillin. Mortality in our group of 10 children was 20% what is insignificantly higher than overall mortality in the whole cohort of meningitis within last 15 years in our database (15.1%). Early empiric therapy should include also ampicillin or vancomycin, if enterococcal etiology is suspected....

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Journal Article 2007; 28(Suppl 2): 30-31 PubMed PMID: 17558374 Citation  Keywords:  Anti-Bacterial Agents:therapeutic use, Cross Infection:drug therapy, Humans, Hydrocephalus:etiology, Infant, Newborn, Language Development Disorders:etiology, Meningitis, Bacterial:drug therapy, Rare Diseases, Retrospective Studies, Streptococcal Infectio.   

: Streptococcus agalactiae is a rare cause of neonatal meningitis in the era of peripartum prophylaxis with prophylaxis with ampicillin in colonized/infected mothers. However 5 cases of meningitis among 171 cases of pediatric nosocomial meningitis database within last 15 years occurred. All 5 children were neonates (one VLBW and early gestation newborn), 2 after neurosurgery. All 5 cases were successfully cured with a combination of cefotaxim (or ceftazidim) plus aminoglycosides, in one case also with addition of vancomycin or ampicillin. However 3 of 5 cured patients had neurologic sequellae, two of them reversible hydrocephalus and in speech retardation....

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