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Biography 2012; 33(8): 729-731 PubMed PMID: 23391970 Citation  Keywords:  Apgar Score, Germany, History, 19th Century, History, 20th Century, Humans, Infant, Newborn, Infant, Newborn, Diseases:diagnosis, Neonatal Screening:history, Reflex, United States,.   

: It is well known that the names of discoverers are commonly used in medical terminology, especially in everyday use. The advantage of an eponym is that a complex description of a certain syndrome, surgical procedure, manifestations of a particular disease, or its details, can be expressed in a single word (Holomáňová & Brucknerová 2003). Current official anatomical nomenclatures do not use eponyms. Some exceptions do however exist. In pediatrics, we frequently use the names of two famous persons: Virginia Apgar and Ernst Moro....

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Biography 2012; 33(7): 661-664 PubMed PMID: 23391875 Citation  Keywords:  Chromosome Disorders:diagnosis, Chromosomes, Human, Pair 13, Chromosomes, Human, Pair 18, Down Syndrome:diagnosis, History, 19th Century, History, 20th Century, History, 21st Century, Humans, Pediatrics:history, Trisomy:diagnosis, United Kingdom, United S.   

: The aim of this study is to present a short biography of some important physicians and describe the most prominent differences between trisomy 13, 18 and 21. The authors present the most prominent differences between trisomy 13, 18 and 21. The work of many important physicians, geneticists, has helped in the process of recognition of congenital anomalies. This group of famous persons includes Patau, Edwards and Down....

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Journal Article 2010; 31(6): 725-727 PubMed PMID: 21196924 Citation  Keywords:  Education, Medical, Continuing, Faculty, Medical, Humans, Research, United States,.   

: Sabbaticals - i.e., academic sabbaticals, sabbatical leaves, sabbatical semesters - provide faculty members with a unique opportunity to engage in scholarly projects. Ranging from a year to shorter periods, these time windows - usually free of rigid day-to-day obligations - can be powerful means to reflect on past and present projects, to renew perspectives, and to receive fresh impetus for both your research and teaching. When reading the literature on sabbaticals, it is somewhat surprising that relatively small amounts of space are devoted to this important part of academic life. Here we provide practical recommendations [1-4: pre-sabbatical; 5-8: intra-sabbatical; 9-10: post-sabbatical] for making your sabbatical a satisfying endeavor....

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Biography 2010; 31(5): 585-587 PubMed PMID: 21173752 Citation  Keywords:  Biomedical Research:history, Circadian Clocks:physiology, Circadian Rhythm:physiology, History, 20th Century, History, 21st Century, Humans, Light, Melatonin:biosynthesis, Neurosecretory Systems:physiology, Nobel Prize, Pineal Gland:physiology, United Sta.   

: With key work in the 1950s and 1960s, the 1970 Nobel laureate Julius Axelrod made major contributions to the development of pineal science. Looking back at some of his accomplishments in and for the field, we feel that lessons can be derived for future work regarding impairments of the pineal gland's and melatonin's many functions for promoting health and preventing disease in man....

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Biography 2009; 30(6): 675-676 PubMed PMID: 20038930 Citation  Keywords:  Chronobiology Discipline:history, History, 20th Century, History, 21st Century, Molecular Biology:history, Neuroendocrinology:history, Romania, United States,.   

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Journal Article 2006; 27(4): 401-413 PubMed PMID: 16807526 Citation  Keywords:  Child, Preschool, Developmental Disabilities:chemically induced, Diphtheria-Tetanus-Pertussis Vaccine:adverse effects, Haemophilus Vaccines:adverse effects, Humans, Nervous System Diseases:chemically induced, Thimerosal:adverse effects, United States:epid.   

BACKGROUND: Thimerosal is an ethylmercury-containing compound (49.6% mercury by weight) used as at the preservative level in vaccines (0.005% to 0.01%).

METHODS: Statistical modeling in a meta-analysis epidemiological assessment of the Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS) for neurodevelopment disorders (NDs) reported following Diphtheria-Tetanus-whole-cell-Pertussis (DTP) vaccines in comparison to Diphtheria-Tetanus-whole-cell-Pertussis-Haemophilus Influenzae Type b (DTPH) vaccines (administered: 1994-1997) and following Thimerosal-containing Diphtheria-Tetanus-acellular-Pertussis (DTaP), vaccines in comparison to Thimerosal-free DTaP vaccines (administered: 1997-2000), was undertaken.

RESULTS: Significantly increased adjusted (sex, age, vaccine type, vaccine manufacturer) risks of autism, speech disorders, mental retardation, personality disorders, thinking abnormalities, ataxia, and NDs in general, with minimal systematic error or confounding, were associated with TCV exposure.

CONCLUSION: It is clear from the results of the present epidemiological study and other recently published data associating mercury exposure with childhood NDs, additional ND research should be undertaken in the context of evaluating mercury-associated exposures, especially from Thimerosal-containing vaccines....

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